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基础是建筑物和地基之间的连接体。基础把建筑物竖向体系传来的荷载传给地基。从平面上可见,竖向结构体系将荷载集中于点,或分布成线形,但作为最终支承机构的地基,提供的是一种分布的承载能力。随着近年基坑工程的坍塌事故屡有发生,而且常常是多人伤亡的重大安全事故。《建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范》(GB50202-2002)、《建筑地基处理技术》(JGJ79-2002)规定了多条强制性条文。参照上述规范和规定,仅就桩基施工、人工挖孔灌注桩、沉井和地下连续墙安全施工技术加以介绍。
The foundation is the connection between the building and the foundation. The foundation transmits the load from the vertical system of the building to the foundation. As can be seen from the plane, the vertical structural system concentrates the load at points, or is distributed in a linear manner, but as the foundation of the final supporting mechanism, it provides a distributed carrying capacity. With the recent collapse of foundation pit engineering accidents have occurred frequently, and often a major safety accident involving many casualties. The Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Foundation Engineering for Building Foundation (GB50202-2002) and Construction Foundation Treatment Technology (JGJ79-2002) stipulate a number of mandatory provisions. With reference to the above norms and regulations, only the pile foundation construction, artificial digging piles, caisson and underground continuous wall safety construction techniques are introduced.