一前言近几年来在民用和工業建筑中經常發生严重的工程質量事故,而事故大都發生在混凝土及鋼筋混凝土工程方面,卷材屋面方面和地下室漏水方面。尤其在地下室或地下坑道方面,由于質量不良,發生漏水現象后,致使地下構筑物变成池塘,严重影响使用和生产;而事后对地下室漏水进行补救又非常困难。据設計一分局去年的調查,在約200个新旧地下室中,發現漏水和滲水的約占60％:由此可見地下室漏水問題是目前設計和施 I. INTRODUCTION Severe accidents of engineering quality often occur in civil and industrial buildings in recent years, and accidents mostly occur in concrete and reinforced concrete projects, in roll roofing, and in basement leaks. Especially in the basement or underground pits, due to poor quality, water leakage occurs, resulting in underground structures becoming ponds, which seriously affect the use and production; and it is very difficult to remediate the leakage of basements afterwards. According to a survey conducted by the Design Bureau last year, about 200 new and old basements have found leakage and seepage of water accounting for about 60%. It can be seen that the problem of basement leakage is the current design and implementation.