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文章根据1986—1987年和 2018—2019年珠江河口棘头梅童鱼 (Collichthy lucidus) 的调查数据，对其群体结构、生长、摄食等主要生物学特征的年代际变化进行了研究。结果表明，这2个调查时间段内棘头梅童鱼群体优势体长组均为90~110 mm，平均体长分别为 (95±13) mm和 (93±18) mm。2个年代际的平均体长无显著差异 (P>0.05)，但优势体长组个体数占比降低 (P0.05)。2018—2019年棘头梅童鱼雌、雄个体的平均肥满度和平均摄食等级均存在显著差异 (P0.05). From 2018 to 2019, there were significant differences in the average fatness and average feeding grade between male and female individuals (P<0.05), as well as in the average feeding grade between spring and winter, and the average feeding grade in winter was higher than that in spring (P<0.05).