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中国旧石器材料数量众多,表现出一定的地域特色,在世界旧石器考古学领域占有重要地位。研究表明,类型学在解读与提取石器所包含的人类技术行为信息方面的能力有较大的局限性,而且中国旧石器时代的一些石制品的形态和组合与欧洲和近东常常难以直接对比,对器物的分类定名也存在交流上的困难。由法国学者开创发展起来的史前石器技术研究理论和方法在分析形态特征的同时,通过关注支配石器工业生产体系的技术机制和逻辑规则,对深入细致地探讨史前人类的认知特征和技术行为可以发挥重要作用,也能为石器工业甚至跨地域文化之间的比较提供基础。本文对贵州观音洞遗址的石核标本为例进行了技术分析,说明其在研究中国旧石器材料上的可行性,特别是信息提取上的优势。
The large number of Chinese palaeolithic materials, showing a certain geographical characteristics, in the world Paleolithic archeology occupies an important position. Studies have shown that typology has great limitations in the ability to interpret and extract information about human technical behavior contained in stone tools. Moreover, it is often difficult to directly compare the morphology and composition of some Chinese Paleolithic stonework with those in Europe and the Near East. Utensil classification naming there are also exchanges on the difficulties. The theory and method of prehistoric stone technology research and development, developed by French scholars, analyze the morphological characteristics and at the same time, pay attention to the cognitive mechanism and logic of prehistoric human beings by focusing on the technical mechanisms and logical rules governing the industrial system of stone production. Play an important role, but also for the stone industry and even cross-regional culture to provide a basis for comparison. In this paper, a technical analysis of the stone core specimen at the Guanyin-dong site in Guizhou shows that it is feasible to study Chinese palaeolith materials, especially the information extraction.