主体性思想自诞生开始就承载着人类对于自由的价值追求,自由问题和主体性思想的紧密关联在马克思主义哲学中表现的尤为突出。马克思对于主体形而上学进行了深刻地批判,并在实践哲学范式下重新阐释了主体性观念,使其获得现代意蕴。现实性是马克思主体性思想及其自由观的共同特点,基于对主体性的现实理解,马克思将自由理解为人的一种现实的生存状态,通过探索人获得理想生存状态的途径,马克思为人获得现实的自由提供了理论依据,从而也完成了主体性思想的原初使命,使得主体性观念在当代获得了存在的合理性。 Since the birth of subjectivity, human beings have carried the value pursuit of human being for freedom. The close relation between freedom and subjectivity is particularly prominent in Marxist philosophy. Marx profoundly criticizes the subject metaphysics and reinterprets the concept of subjectivity under the paradigm of practical philosophy so as to obtain the modern connotation. Realism is the common feature of Marx’s subjectivity and its freedom. Based on the realistic understanding of subjectivity, Marx interprets freedom as a kind of realistic state of existence of mankind. By exploring the way for man to obtain the ideal state of existence, Marx obtains the reality for man Provided the theoretical basis for freedom, thus completing the original mission of subjectivity and making the concept of subjectivity gain the rationality of existence in the contemporary era.