自洲际弹道导弹、卫星武器和航天飞机出现之后,空中威胁的范畴已经发生了质的变化。广义地说,它应包括航空兵器、弹道兵器和航天兵器所构成的空中威胁。本文仅限于航空兵器所构成的空中威胁,旁及弹道导弹及卫星,也就是主要从“防空”的角度进行讨论。空袭与反空袭,空中突防和反突防的斗争,贯穿于空防斗争发展的各个不同的历史阶段。因此,为预测2000年的空中威胁,必须深入研究各种空袭兵器的发展变化及其战术运用,新的空袭兵器的出现引起的防空作战和战场环境的变化,侦察技术的发展对空袭和反空袭作战的影响,系统工程的理论和方法在现代战争中的应用对空中威胁的强化作用,等等。国内外许多专家,进行了大量的分析研究与试验工作,也发表了不少有关文章。下面仅就发展地 Since the advent of intercontinental ballistic missiles, satellite weapons and space shuttles, there has been a qualitative change in the area of ​​air threats. Broadly speaking, it should include the aerial threats posed by aviation weapons, ballistic weapons and space weapons. This article is confined to the air threat posed by aviation weapons, alongside ballistic missiles and satellites, that is, mainly from the “air defense” point of view for discussion. The air strikes and anti-air strikes, the air strikes and the anti-defensive strikes throughout the various historical stages of the development of air defenses. Therefore, in order to predict the air threat in 2000, it is necessary to conduct an in-depth study on the development and changes of various air-raid weapons and their tactical applications. The changes in air defense operations and battlefield environments caused by the emergence of new air-raid weapons, and the development of reconnaissance techniques should have an impact on air strikes and anti- The impact of operations, the role of systems engineering theories and methods in modern warfare on the air threat, and more. Many experts at home and abroad conducted a great deal of analytical research and experimental work and published many related articles. The following only on the development