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目的通过对某建设集团尼日利亚项目部建设工地疟疾、伤寒疫情的调查与处置,为涉外建设项目传染病疫情的预防控制提供经验,尤其是对疟疾、伤寒疫情的处置提供指导。方法 2013年6月采用现场走访和回顾性调查等方法进行流行病学调查。采用疟疾实验室病原学镜检疟原虫、伤寒实验室血培养等方法确诊病例。结果建设工地74人中,患疟疾3例,同时患有疟疾和伤寒的4例,携带伤寒杆菌者26例,其中包括食堂仅有的3名厨师。在工作组专家的指导和帮助下,对疟疾患者进行规范治疗,对伤寒患者及伤寒杆菌携带者进行隔离和针对性治疗,对患有疟疾或伤寒伴有其他基础性疾病的工人接回国内进行规范性治疗。结论消灭蚊虫、清除蚊虫孳生地、加强个人防护和避免蚊虫叮咬是预防疟疾的重要措施,可以在尼日利亚疟疾流行区进一步推广。
Objectives To provide experience in the prevention and control of epidemic situation of infectious diseases involving foreign construction projects through investigation and disposal of malaria and typhoid epidemic in the construction site of a construction project in Nigerian project department, especially to provide guidance on the treatment of malaria and typhoid fever. Methods June 2013 by means of on-site visits and retrospective investigations and other methods of epidemiological investigation. Using malaria laboratory etiology mirror Plasmodium, typhoid laboratory blood culture and other methods confirmed cases. Results Among 74 construction workers, there were 3 malaria cases, 4 malaria cases and typhoid fever cases, 26 cases of typhoid fever cases, including only 3 chefs in the canteen. Under the guidance and assistance of the experts from the working group, standard treatment of malaria patients, quarantine and targeted treatment of typhoid fever and typhoid bacillus carriers were carried out, and domestic workers with malaria or typhoid fever accompanied by other basic diseases were taken back home Normative treatment. Conclusion The elimination of mosquitoes, the removal of mosquito breeding grounds, the enhancement of personal protection and the avoidance of mosquito bites are important measures to prevent malaria and can be further promoted in the malaria-endemic area of Nigeria.