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目的:探讨呼吸道感染患儿肺炎支原体(MP)感染的规律与特点。方法:选取我院2011-2014年收治的呼吸道感染患儿35 665例,检测血清MP抗体,采用回顾性研究方法分析MP抗体阳性率在不同性别、年龄、季节、病种间的差异,并随访观察患儿MP抗体的转阴时间。结果:呼吸道感染患儿血清MP抗体总体阳性率为14.6%,其中呼吸道感染患儿血清MP抗体阳性率性别比较差异有统计学意义,女性(17.4%)高于男性(12.4%,P<0.01);年龄比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),以7~9岁组最高(23.9%);季节比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),以冬季(12月至次年2月)最高(17.1%),夏季(6-8月)最低(10.8%);病种比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),以大叶性肺炎最高(72.0%),急性上呼吸道感染最低(7.0%)。患儿MP抗体转阴时间集中在首次检测确诊后3~9个月。结论:MP是儿童呼吸道感染主要病原之一,呼吸道感染患儿血清MP抗体总体阳性率为14.6%,女性高于男性;MP感染多见于大叶性肺炎,以7~9岁组患儿多见,冬季高发;MP感染患儿MP抗体转阴时间集中在首次检测确诊后3~9个月。
Objective: To investigate the regularity and characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection in children with respiratory tract infection. Methods: Totally 35 665 children with respiratory tract infection admitted to our hospital from 2011 to 2014 were enrolled in this study. Serum MP antibody was detected by a retrospective study. The positive rate of MP antibody in different sexes, ages, seasons and diseases was analyzed and followed up Observed children with anti-MP antibody negative time. Results: The overall positive rate of MP antibody in children with respiratory tract infection was 14.6%. The positive rate of MP antibody in children with respiratory tract infection was significantly higher than that in male (12.4%, P <0.01) (P <0.01), the highest was in the group of 7-9 years old (23.9%), the difference was statistically significant in the seasons (P <0.01), and in winter (December to February) The highest was (17.1%) in summer and the lowest was in summer (June-August) (10.8%); the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01); the highest was lobular pneumonia (72.0%); the lowest was acute upper respiratory tract infection 7.0%). MP antibodies in children with negative time focused on the first test after diagnosis of 3 to 9 months. Conclusion: MP is one of the major pathogens in children with respiratory tract infection. The overall positive rate of MP antibody in children with respiratory tract infection is 14.6%, which is higher in females than in males. MP infection is more common in lobar pneumonia, especially in children aged 7-9 years , High in winter; MP infection in children with MP antibody negative time focused on the first test after diagnosis of 3 to 9 months.