论文部分内容阅读
为探究异地育肥牦牛模式,本试验对比了低海拔异地育肥耗牛与本地杂交肉牛(秦川×西门塔尔)在同等条件下血液生理生化指标和生长性能的差异。将体重相近的8头1岁本地杂交肉牛(秦川×西门塔尔)和8头4岁青海牦牛各分为2组,每组4头,同一品种的2组试验牛分别饲喂低非蛋白氮饲粮[LNPN,饲粮中缓释尿素添加量为1.0%(干物质基础)]和高非蛋白氮饲粮[HNPN,饲粮中缓释尿素添加量为1.5%(干物质基础)]。预试期10 d,正试期50 d。结果发现:牦牛与肉牛均在LNPN条件下表现出最高的平均日采食量和最小的料重比。饲粮非蛋白氮水平未对牦牛与肉牛的血常规指标造成显著影响(P>0.05),但是牦牛在各饲粮条件下中性粒细胞数目(Gran#)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)、红细胞分布宽度标准差(RDW-SD)、平均血小板体积(MPV)和血小板分布宽度(PDW)显著高于肉牛(P<0.05),而平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(M CHC)和血小板数目(PLT)显著低于肉牛(P<0.05)。饲粮非蛋白氮水平未对肉牛和牦牛各项血清生化指标产生显著影响(P>0.05)。牦牛在各饲粮条件下血清总蛋白(TP)、尿素氮(UN)、肌酐(GREA)、免疫球蛋白A(Ig A)、免疫球蛋白M(Ig M)和免疫球蛋白G(Ig G)水平均显著高于肉牛(P<0.05)。牦牛在HNPN条件下的血清白蛋白(ALB)水平显著低于LNPN条件下(P<0.05)。本试验结果表明,在肉牛和牦牛育肥饲粮中添加1.0%的缓释尿素替代饲粮蛋白质是可行的;低海拔异地育肥牦牛不会对牦牛健康产生不利影响。
In order to explore the yak mode of fattening in different places, this experiment compared the differences of blood physiological and biochemical indexes and growth performance under the same condition between low fattening fattening cattle at different altitudes and local hybrid beef cattle (Qinchuan × Simmental). Eight 1-year-old local hybrid beef cattle (Qinchuan × Simmental) and 8 4-year-old Qinghai yaks with similar body weight were divided into 2 groups with 4 animals in each group. Two groups of test cattle of the same breed were fed low non-protein Nitrogen diet [LNPN, 1.0% (dry basis) of dietary sustained-release urea) and high non-protein nitrogen diet [HNPN, 1.5% . Pre-trial period of 10 d, the trial period of 50 d. The results showed that both yak and beef showed the highest average daily feed intake and the lowest weight-to-weight ratio under LNPN condition. The dietary levels of non-protein nitrogen had no significant effect on the blood routine of yaks and beef cattle (P> 0.05), but the number of neutrophils (Gran #), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) Red blood cell hemoglobin content (MCH), RDW-SD, MPV and PDW were significantly higher than those of beef cattle (P <0.05), but the mean red blood cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) And platelet count (PLT) were significantly lower than that of beef cattle (P <0.05). Dietary non-protein nitrogen levels did not significantly affect the serum biochemical parameters of beef cattle and yaks (P> 0.05). The contents of total protein (TP), urea nitrogen (UN), creatinine (GRAA), immunoglobulin A (Ig A), immunoglobulin M (Ig M) and immunoglobulin G ) Were significantly higher than that of beef cattle (P <0.05). Serum albumin (ALB) levels in yak under HNPN were significantly lower than those in LNPN (P <0.05). The results showed that it is feasible to add 1.0% slow-release urea instead of dietary protein to beef cattle and yak fattening diets. Yak fattening at low altitude will not adversely affect yak’s health.