由脑膜炎奈瑟菌引发的细菌性脑膜炎在非洲的流行往往与该菌的A血清群有关,而欧美等地的散发病例、爆发和高发性地方病通常是由B群和C群引起。其他血清群如W135、Y、X等群有时也会导致脑膜炎的地方性发病和爆发。20世纪60年代就有对脑膜炎奈瑟菌X群的描述,北美、欧洲等地曾观察到X群球菌脑膜炎的发生;尼日尔和加纳均报道了 The epidemic of bacterial meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis in Africa is often related to the A serogroup of the bacterium. However, cases of eruptions and endemic encephalitis in Europe and the United States are usually caused by groups B and C. Other serogroups such as W135, Y, X and others sometimes cause endemic meningitis and outbreaks. The description of Neisseria meningitidis X in the 1960s has been observed in North America, Europe and elsewhere; both in Niger and Ghana