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“接天莲叶无穷碧,映日荷花别样红。”在中华各地,在中华各族,莲荷之韵,绵长悠远。
2012年7月,浙江省武义县柳城畲族镇的十里莲花长廊,花开壮观,白的、粉的、红的、淡紫的、间色的,单瓣、复瓣、重瓣、重台、千瓣,异彩纷呈,令人惊叹、陶醉。
莲花花开季节为6月至9月,7月怒放。为把畲乡的莲花打造成亮丽的旅游名片,柳城畲族镇组织当地畲乡艺人,编排颇具民族特色的畲乡风情表演节目,每逢周六、周日以十里莲田构筑舞台,进行表演,吸引了全国各地游客前来赏花品莲和采风、写生、摄影。
武义地属山区,有不等带状小盆地,多丰富的微量元素和有机微生物,湖沼池塘适宜植莲。据宣平旧志记载,当地百姓种莲藕始于唐显庆年间,后来以“宣莲”名世。“天赐宣平黄金土,地育宫廷白玉莲。”这“宫廷白玉莲”在清嘉庆六年(1802)被列作贡品,与福建的建莲并称“江南二宝”,两者又与湖南的湘莲一起成为中国三大名莲。1958年,宣平撤县,盛产宣莲的一部分地域划入武义,武义继承并发扬光大了这一名牌土产的传统。
莲子的养生价值很早已被肯定,其子、花、房、须、蕊、叶、衣、蒂、梗、节皆可入药,浑身是宝。俗谚说宣莲:“莲过七里垅,功价同人参。”宣莲之实颗大粒圆、肉酥细腻、清香味美、营养丰富,药用价值更高。
莲叶田田,荷枝盈盈。莲荷的象征意义在中国文化中非常突出,在武义柳城,已经渗进畲乡的山水和畲民的心田。民间相传,宣莲是由一对金童玉女从观音的莲座上带入凡间、落到柳城壶源的。宣莲传说烙印下尘土事实,轻扬着贴近习俗、感受生活的原始、朴素、自然的气息。
岁月过往,莲荷的形象更逐渐深入到畲族人生活的方方面面。他们的服装饰品特色鲜明,其与家具器皿的纹样,建筑雕刻、窗花剪纸的图案,不乏莲影;即便他们喜爱制作的米糕、羹汤,也不失莲味;至于他们擅长的山曲对唱,以及故事、民歌,同样多少含有莲韵。
畲族人贺生常用布鞋装饰,母亲给生产的女儿一定要送一双小布鞋。这些鞋的鞋面上必定绣上一朵鲜红的荷花,鞋帮上饰以两束细长的青绿色柏枝:荷呈吉祥,柏表无疆。父母年满花甲,出嫁女儿要送长寿鞋,鞋面取湖青色,绣一枝莲藕抽出两柄梗,一柄为莲花,一柄为子实累累的莲蓬;鞋底为白色,有莲藕、莲花、莲子共生的图案,饰以云纹。其中寄托畲族人对生命的理解与期待。
畲族人请客吃饭,冰糖宣莲羹是必不可少的甜食,其汤色玉黄,洁白滚圆的“伏莲”(夏季采摘的莲子)镶嵌其间,色香味撩人无比。此外,拔丝宣莲、莲炖什锦、莲子八宝饭等,也鲜明地体现出他们对宣莲的喜爱之情。
华东地区最大的畲族镇柳城深处的小巷尚保存着一些老屋,沿屋檐排成的几何图形,恰似一朵朵绽放的莲花;斑驳零落的墙面上一幅幅活灵活现的并蒂莲藕、莲子呈祥等图案穿插在八仙过海、观音送子、梅雀贺春等画面之中……
“三月三”畲族歌会,历有传统,驰誉远近,从1994年起,由柳城镇与丽水市老竹畲族镇、丽新畲族乡和松阳县板桥畲族乡联合举办。热情奔放的对歌中,一部分以尖尖初荷为媒,颂扬畲族人民如纯洁莲花一般灿烂美丽的生活,展现出生生不息、兴旺不止的农村新景象,同时造就了浙江独树一帜的民族特色活动。
1993年、1996年、2006年,武义县暨柳城畲族镇举办了中国宣莲节,将这一传统农事演绎为盛大的文化活动。2006年,柳城又建设了3000多亩的十里荷花物种园,已先后引进世界各地300多个水生优良莲种,包括大贺莲、建莲、石莲、菜莲、牡丹莲、睡莲、娃娃莲……还有太空莲,以实现荷花四季开放的目标。弯环逶迤,移步换景。物种园内有水亭、水阁、水轩、水榭,有莲文化长廊,有立体养殖池,还有农家乐旅舍。荷田如诗,莲乡如画。每年初夏之际,当第一朵小荷悄悄开放,人们便陆续而来,流“莲”忘返,直待到寒雨残荷的深秋早冬。
以十里荷花物种园为核心、为基础,今日畲乡柳城正朝着“十里荷花、百里森林、千年古刹、万亩茶园”的方向发展。
(本文摄影:张建成)
Lotus Signifies Culture of She Ethnic People
By Zhang Jiancheng
Wuyi, a mountainous county in central Zhejiang, has many wonders to offer to the world. Lotus serves as a huge tourism attraction. Lotus planting is a century-long tradition in Wuyi, a mountainous area with quite a few narrow and long basins where ponds and lakes gravitate.
History says local people began to plant lotus as a farm product in the Tang Dynasty (618-906). In ancient times, the place was known as Xuanping and the lotus produced here was known as Xuan lotus. In 1802, Xuan Lotus was listed as a tribute to the royal house and was considered one of the three major lotuses in China. In 1958, part of the lotus-planting area of Xuanping came under the jurisdiction of Wuyi County due to a government rezoning.
In this part of Wuyi where lotus flourishes and blooms, She (pronounced like sir without the r sound) ethnic people live. Liucheng Town is actually the largest She community in eastern China. It would probably be hard to say whether the minority people moved in and incorporated lotus into their lifestyle or whether they have had lotus with them since primitive times and it spread to local Han people or whether they learned about lotus from Han people and adopted it. However, it is evident that lotus is a big part of She people’s life. The auspicious plant is a prominent component of the garments, architecture, music, folktales, food, and art of the She people.
She people love lotus. Their traditional garments are adorned with lotus patterns. Their houses flaunt the carved images of lotus flowers. Their paper-cutting designs feature lotus flowers for window decorations. When a daughter gives birth to a baby, the daughter’s mother needs to bless the daughter with a pair of small-sized cloth shoes embroidered with a bright red lotus flower. When parents reach the age of 60, a married daughter needs to present them with pairs of shoes embroidered with longevity symbols of lotus flowers and lotus seedpods growing on a lotus root. A lotus seed soup sweetened with crystal sugar is a treat for guests at a home banquet.
Though it was not until the 1950s that Xuanping was incorporated into the county through the rezoning, Wuyi has firmly incorporated lotus into its culture. In 1993, 1996 and 2006, Wuyi County has held China Xuan Lotus Festival in Liucheng Town. In 2006, the town built a large lotus garden measuring 200 hectares and introduced more than 300 species of lotuses from all over the world. The lotus garden is a living encyclopedia of lotuses. With pavilions of various kinds built along ponds, people can appreciate blooming lotuses all over the summer. Tourism planners and marketers call the lotus garden the 5-kilometer-long corridor of lotuses.
Nowadays, July, August and September are the long lotus season in Liucheng. Tourists come to appreciate lotus blossoms in various shapes and colors.
Every third day of the third month on lunar calendar witnesses a folksong festival held in Liucheng, jointly held by Liu Cheng and two other She towns in Lishui and Songyang, Zhejiang. In their folksongs, lotus is a big part.
2012年7月,浙江省武义县柳城畲族镇的十里莲花长廊,花开壮观,白的、粉的、红的、淡紫的、间色的,单瓣、复瓣、重瓣、重台、千瓣,异彩纷呈,令人惊叹、陶醉。
莲花花开季节为6月至9月,7月怒放。为把畲乡的莲花打造成亮丽的旅游名片,柳城畲族镇组织当地畲乡艺人,编排颇具民族特色的畲乡风情表演节目,每逢周六、周日以十里莲田构筑舞台,进行表演,吸引了全国各地游客前来赏花品莲和采风、写生、摄影。
武义地属山区,有不等带状小盆地,多丰富的微量元素和有机微生物,湖沼池塘适宜植莲。据宣平旧志记载,当地百姓种莲藕始于唐显庆年间,后来以“宣莲”名世。“天赐宣平黄金土,地育宫廷白玉莲。”这“宫廷白玉莲”在清嘉庆六年(1802)被列作贡品,与福建的建莲并称“江南二宝”,两者又与湖南的湘莲一起成为中国三大名莲。1958年,宣平撤县,盛产宣莲的一部分地域划入武义,武义继承并发扬光大了这一名牌土产的传统。
莲子的养生价值很早已被肯定,其子、花、房、须、蕊、叶、衣、蒂、梗、节皆可入药,浑身是宝。俗谚说宣莲:“莲过七里垅,功价同人参。”宣莲之实颗大粒圆、肉酥细腻、清香味美、营养丰富,药用价值更高。
莲叶田田,荷枝盈盈。莲荷的象征意义在中国文化中非常突出,在武义柳城,已经渗进畲乡的山水和畲民的心田。民间相传,宣莲是由一对金童玉女从观音的莲座上带入凡间、落到柳城壶源的。宣莲传说烙印下尘土事实,轻扬着贴近习俗、感受生活的原始、朴素、自然的气息。
岁月过往,莲荷的形象更逐渐深入到畲族人生活的方方面面。他们的服装饰品特色鲜明,其与家具器皿的纹样,建筑雕刻、窗花剪纸的图案,不乏莲影;即便他们喜爱制作的米糕、羹汤,也不失莲味;至于他们擅长的山曲对唱,以及故事、民歌,同样多少含有莲韵。
畲族人贺生常用布鞋装饰,母亲给生产的女儿一定要送一双小布鞋。这些鞋的鞋面上必定绣上一朵鲜红的荷花,鞋帮上饰以两束细长的青绿色柏枝:荷呈吉祥,柏表无疆。父母年满花甲,出嫁女儿要送长寿鞋,鞋面取湖青色,绣一枝莲藕抽出两柄梗,一柄为莲花,一柄为子实累累的莲蓬;鞋底为白色,有莲藕、莲花、莲子共生的图案,饰以云纹。其中寄托畲族人对生命的理解与期待。
畲族人请客吃饭,冰糖宣莲羹是必不可少的甜食,其汤色玉黄,洁白滚圆的“伏莲”(夏季采摘的莲子)镶嵌其间,色香味撩人无比。此外,拔丝宣莲、莲炖什锦、莲子八宝饭等,也鲜明地体现出他们对宣莲的喜爱之情。
华东地区最大的畲族镇柳城深处的小巷尚保存着一些老屋,沿屋檐排成的几何图形,恰似一朵朵绽放的莲花;斑驳零落的墙面上一幅幅活灵活现的并蒂莲藕、莲子呈祥等图案穿插在八仙过海、观音送子、梅雀贺春等画面之中……
“三月三”畲族歌会,历有传统,驰誉远近,从1994年起,由柳城镇与丽水市老竹畲族镇、丽新畲族乡和松阳县板桥畲族乡联合举办。热情奔放的对歌中,一部分以尖尖初荷为媒,颂扬畲族人民如纯洁莲花一般灿烂美丽的生活,展现出生生不息、兴旺不止的农村新景象,同时造就了浙江独树一帜的民族特色活动。
1993年、1996年、2006年,武义县暨柳城畲族镇举办了中国宣莲节,将这一传统农事演绎为盛大的文化活动。2006年,柳城又建设了3000多亩的十里荷花物种园,已先后引进世界各地300多个水生优良莲种,包括大贺莲、建莲、石莲、菜莲、牡丹莲、睡莲、娃娃莲……还有太空莲,以实现荷花四季开放的目标。弯环逶迤,移步换景。物种园内有水亭、水阁、水轩、水榭,有莲文化长廊,有立体养殖池,还有农家乐旅舍。荷田如诗,莲乡如画。每年初夏之际,当第一朵小荷悄悄开放,人们便陆续而来,流“莲”忘返,直待到寒雨残荷的深秋早冬。
以十里荷花物种园为核心、为基础,今日畲乡柳城正朝着“十里荷花、百里森林、千年古刹、万亩茶园”的方向发展。
(本文摄影:张建成)
Lotus Signifies Culture of She Ethnic People
By Zhang Jiancheng
Wuyi, a mountainous county in central Zhejiang, has many wonders to offer to the world. Lotus serves as a huge tourism attraction. Lotus planting is a century-long tradition in Wuyi, a mountainous area with quite a few narrow and long basins where ponds and lakes gravitate.
History says local people began to plant lotus as a farm product in the Tang Dynasty (618-906). In ancient times, the place was known as Xuanping and the lotus produced here was known as Xuan lotus. In 1802, Xuan Lotus was listed as a tribute to the royal house and was considered one of the three major lotuses in China. In 1958, part of the lotus-planting area of Xuanping came under the jurisdiction of Wuyi County due to a government rezoning.
In this part of Wuyi where lotus flourishes and blooms, She (pronounced like sir without the r sound) ethnic people live. Liucheng Town is actually the largest She community in eastern China. It would probably be hard to say whether the minority people moved in and incorporated lotus into their lifestyle or whether they have had lotus with them since primitive times and it spread to local Han people or whether they learned about lotus from Han people and adopted it. However, it is evident that lotus is a big part of She people’s life. The auspicious plant is a prominent component of the garments, architecture, music, folktales, food, and art of the She people.
She people love lotus. Their traditional garments are adorned with lotus patterns. Their houses flaunt the carved images of lotus flowers. Their paper-cutting designs feature lotus flowers for window decorations. When a daughter gives birth to a baby, the daughter’s mother needs to bless the daughter with a pair of small-sized cloth shoes embroidered with a bright red lotus flower. When parents reach the age of 60, a married daughter needs to present them with pairs of shoes embroidered with longevity symbols of lotus flowers and lotus seedpods growing on a lotus root. A lotus seed soup sweetened with crystal sugar is a treat for guests at a home banquet.
Though it was not until the 1950s that Xuanping was incorporated into the county through the rezoning, Wuyi has firmly incorporated lotus into its culture. In 1993, 1996 and 2006, Wuyi County has held China Xuan Lotus Festival in Liucheng Town. In 2006, the town built a large lotus garden measuring 200 hectares and introduced more than 300 species of lotuses from all over the world. The lotus garden is a living encyclopedia of lotuses. With pavilions of various kinds built along ponds, people can appreciate blooming lotuses all over the summer. Tourism planners and marketers call the lotus garden the 5-kilometer-long corridor of lotuses.
Nowadays, July, August and September are the long lotus season in Liucheng. Tourists come to appreciate lotus blossoms in various shapes and colors.
Every third day of the third month on lunar calendar witnesses a folksong festival held in Liucheng, jointly held by Liu Cheng and two other She towns in Lishui and Songyang, Zhejiang. In their folksongs, lotus is a big part.