本文在现场实测的基础上,利用相似材料模拟实验方法,对厚煤层恒底开采和下行分层开采的矿压显现规律进行了对比研宄。研究结果表明:恒底开采第一分层时,由于顶煤易在采空区冒落,冒高较大,因此老顶来压时对采场的影响程度明显减小,这对于厚煤层坚硬顶板条件下的安全生产是十分有利的;恒底开采时,顶板裂隙扩展范围较小(裂隙带高度减小),并能减小顶板出现离层的高度,因此,有利于顶板含水层下(或地表水下)安全生产;恒底开采时,除最后一个分层外,各分层工作面的顶板均为煤体,因此可以减少煤炭含矸率,当煤层顶板较破碎时,其效果更明显 Based on the field measurements, this paper uses the simulation experiment of similar materials to compare and contrast the strata pressure pattern of the constant thickness mining and the downward stratified mining in thick coal seams. The results show that when the first strata of constant bottom is mined, the influence of top pressure on the stope obviously decreases when the top coal is easy to fall in goaf, Roof production safety is very favorable; constant bottom mining, the roof crack extension range is small (fracture zone height decreases), and can reduce the height of the roof off layer, it is conducive to the roof aquifer ( Or surface water); when constant bottom mining, in addition to the last layer, the top of the stratified face are all coal, which can reduce the rate of coal refuse, when the coal roof is more broken, the effect is more obvious