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目的 探讨小儿嗜铬细胞瘤的临床特点及诊断与治疗。方法 对 6例嗜铬细胞瘤的临床表现、病理特点及手术情况进行回顾性分析。结果 6例 11个肿瘤 ,单发 4例 ,多发 2例。 6例均有高血压 ,伴发严重高血压眼底病变 5例 ,高血压脑病 2例 ,术中平均出血量 36 0ml,平均输血量10 33ml。肿瘤平均重量 5 4.1g ,良性 5例 ,恶性 1例。全部病例均摘除肿瘤 ,无手术及住院期间死亡病例。结论 小儿嗜铬细胞瘤多发性比例较高 ,发作性头痛、高血压性眼底病变致视力障碍及高血压脑病为儿童嗜铬细胞瘤常见临床特点。术前治疗低血容量性高血压 ,术中大量快速输血输液扩充血容量 ,充分治疗心脏损害是平稳渡过手术的围手术期重要治疗措施。
Objective To investigate the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of pediatric pheochromocytoma. Methods Six cases of pheochromocytoma were retrospectively analyzed on their clinical manifestations, pathological features and operation. Results 6 cases of 11 tumors, single in 4 cases, multiple in 2 cases. 6 cases had hypertension, 5 cases with severe hypertensive fundus lesions, 2 cases of hypertensive encephalopathy, intraoperative blood loss 36 0ml, the average blood transfusion 10 33ml. The average tumor weight 5 4.1g, benign in 5 cases, 1 case of malignant. Tumors were removed in all cases, with no deaths during surgery and hospitalization. Conclusion The incidence of multiple pheochromocytoma in children is high. The common clinical features of pheochromocytoma in children with paroxysmal headache, hypertensive retinopathy and hypertensive encephalopathy are children. Preoperative treatment of hypovolemic hypertension, a large number of rapid blood transfusion during operation to expand blood volume, the full treatment of heart damage is a smooth perioperative surgical treatment of important perioperative measures.