果戈理的文学生涯是一系列悖论的组合。一方面他痛恨农奴制社会的腐朽,以如椽巨笔对其痛加鞭笞;一方面又将作品中堕落的主人公称为自己的兄弟,力图在他们身上找到精神复活的蛛丝马迹。一方面他开创了被称为“自然派”的伟大的俄国现实主义文学传统,坚持客观公正地描写社会的黑 Gogol’s literary career is a combination of paradoxes. On the one hand, he abhorred the decadent society of serfdom and raped his pain like rafter Giant Pen. On the one hand, he claimed the degenerated protagonists in his works as his own brothers and tried to find clues to them in their spiritual revival. On the one hand, he pioneered the great Russian literary tradition of “realism,” insisting on objectively and justly describing the black