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目的:调查小儿多重耐药菌(MDRB)感染的危险因素,探讨控制传播及护理干预方法。方法:采用目标性监测方法,对2009年1月～2010年12月检出的657例MDRB感染患儿的感染相关因素进行调查分析,并提出控制方法。结果:本组657例MDRB感染患儿中,耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)感染患儿占38.96%,产超光谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)患儿占54.19%,其他MDRB感染患儿占6.85%;MDRB感染与患儿年龄相关,低月龄、低体重患儿是感染高危人群;MDRB感染与疾病重危程度、手术及慢性疾病相关,感染患儿主要集中在儿科监护中心(PICU)、新生儿外科、普外科、新生儿重症监护中心(NICU)及消化内科。结论:加强MDRB监测,强化医护人员的防护意识,切断传播途径,严格执行隔离、预防制度,可有效减少MDRB在医院内传播,值得临床推广。
Objective: To investigate the risk factors of multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) infection in children and to explore ways to control spread and nursing interventions. Methods: Targeted monitoring methods were used to investigate the infection-related factors in 657 children with MDRB infection detected from January 2009 to December 2010 and to propose the control methods. Results: Among the 657 children with MDRB infection, 38.96% were infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), 54.19% were patients with hyperspectral β-lactamase (ESBLs), and other MDRB infections MDRB infection is related to the age of children, low-age children with low birth weight are at high risk of infection. MDRB infection is associated with the severity of the disease, operation and chronic diseases. The children with infection mainly focus on the pediatric care center (PICU), Neonatology, General Surgery, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and Gastroenterology. Conclusion: To strengthen the monitoring of MDRB, strengthen the protection awareness of medical staff, cut off the route of transmission, strictly enforce the isolation and prevention system, which can effectively reduce the spread of MDRB in the hospital and deserve clinical promotion.