变应性疾病发病率高,涉及面广,严重影响人们生活和工作,甚至危及生命。由于环境污染等因素的增长,发病率有增长的趋势。十几年来,变态反应学发展较快。然而,由于变应性疾病机理复杂,症状多变,所以诊疗工作仍比较困难。目前,人们正逐渐认识变应性疾病在医学中的地位的重要性。变应性疾病的免疫学基础一、病理性免疫反应:免疫反应正常,机体能防御“非己”为害,保持自身稳定。免疫反应亢进,常引起组织损伤及生理功能障碍,甚至死亡。有些免疫缺陷使变应原易穿入粘膜,也会引起免疫反应亢进。这些亢 The high incidence of allergic diseases, involving a wide range, seriously affecting people’s lives and work, and even life-threatening. Due to the increase of environmental pollution and other factors, the incidence rate has increased. Ten years, allergy developed rapidly. However, due to the complex mechanism of allergic diseases, symptoms change, so the diagnosis and treatment is still more difficult. At present, people are gradually understanding the importance of the status of allergic diseases in medicine. Immunological basis of allergic diseases First, the pathological immune response: the immune response is normal, the body can defensive “non-self” damage, maintain their stability. Immune response hyperactivity, often caused by tissue damage and physiological dysfunction, and even death. Some immunodeficiencies make allergens easy to penetrate the mucosa, can also cause immune response hyperactivity. These are good