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Background:Hypertrophic scar is one of the most common complications and often causes the disfigurement or deformity in bum or trauma patients.Therapeutic methods on hypertrophic scar treatment have limitations due to the poor understanding of mechanisms of hypertrophic scar formation.To throw light on the molecular mechanism of hypertrophic scar formation will definitely improve the outcome of the treatment.This study aimed to illustrate the negative role ofeukaryotic initiation factor 6 (eIF6) in the process of human hypertrophic scar formation,and provide a possible indicator of hypertrophic scar treatment and a potential target molecule for hypertrophic scar.Methods:In the present study,we investigated the protein expression of eIF6 in the human hypertrophic scar of different periods by immunohistochemistry and West blot analysis.Results:In the hypertrophic scar tissue,eIF6 expression was significantly decreased and absent in the basal layer of epidermis in the early period,and increased slowly and began to appear in the basal layer of epidermis by the scar formation time.Conclusions:This study confirmed that eIF6 expression was significantly related to the development of hypertrophic scar,and the eIF6 may be a target molecule for hypertrophic scar control or could be an indicator of the outcomes for other treatment modalities.