生物胁迫(细菌和真菌侵染等)和非生物胁迫(包括干旱、盐和冷害等)是植物生活史中不可避免的不利因素,这些逆境胁迫因子单独或者共同作用从而制约着农作物的生产。然而,植物由于自身不能移动,当遭受逆境环境时只能应答外界胁迫,从而进化出一系列复杂而精密的调控机制,来感受外部胁迫并传递信号,最终在分子、细胞和整个植株水平形成应激 Biotic stresses (such as bacterial and fungal infection) and abiotic stresses (including drought, salt and chilling injury) are inevitable unfavorable factors in the life cycle of plants. These stressors alone or in combination restrict the production of crops. However, because plants can not move by themselves, they can only respond to external stress when subjected to adverse environment, thus evolving a series of complex and sophisticated regulatory mechanisms to sense external stresses and transmit signals, eventually forming at the molecular, cellular and whole plant levels Excited