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1840年以前,广州是清代中国唯一的对外通商口岸。“中华帝国与西方列国全部贸易都聚会于广州。”(《中国对外贸易发展史资料》)。而香港和澳门在当时只不过是位于珠江口处的两个小渔村,为过路的船只提供补给。当时外商要与中国进行贸易,必须沿珠江溯河而上,过黄埔10多里便进入广州。在外国商人的眼中,广州是一个异常繁荣的东方港口城市,已有专门接待外商的牙行。一位在1816年随外商使团来华访问的使者写道:“广州河面桅樯如织,帆若垂云,大小船只种类不胜枚
Before 1840, Guangzhou was the only foreign trade port in China in the Qing Dynasty. “All the trade between the Chinese Empire and the Western powers is gathered in Guangzhou.” (“Materials on the History of China’s Foreign Trade”). At that time, Hong Kong and Macao were only two small fishing villages at the mouth of the Pearl River, providing supplies for passing boats. At that time, foreign businessmen wanting to trade with China had to go upstream along the Pearl River and entered the city more than 10 miles from the Whampoa. In the eyes of foreign businessmen, Guangzhou is an exceptionally prosperous eastern port city that has specialized foreign traders. One messenger who came to China with a foreign mission in 1816 wrote: "There is a huge variety of boats on the river,