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根据广东沿海发生赤潮的实测资料,重点分析了1997年10月至1998年5月广东沿海赤潮发生与海洋水文气象的关系。结果表明:棕襄藻(Phaecystiscf.globosaScherffel)和三宅裸甲藻(Gynmodiniummikimoloi)最大增殖速率的发生条件为:海水温度(以下均是日平均值)21.9℃~26.9℃。盐度26.68~32.01,气温22.9℃~27.1℃、风速0.2~4.3m/s、气压1002.2~1011.9hPa、相对湿度83%~94%。认为1997—1998年赤道太平洋上层海洋水温异常变化,导致1998年中国东南沿海水温和气温偏高,风速偏弱,盐度偏低,相对湿度偏高,气压偏低,容易发生赤潮;而降水量多少对1998年广东沿岸海域赤潮形成和发展也有重要影响。发现春夏季当海平气压和盐度出现下降趋势,气温、水温和相对湿度呈上升趋势,风速呈减弱趋势时容易发生赤潮,赤潮发生海域主要位于500hPa图上的副高北沿,赤潮发生海域均位于槽前。在850hPa图上,华南地区则出现较强的切变线环流。地面天气图上,赤潮发生时在南岭附近有锋面系统存在,海面风速较弱,风向偏东。
According to the measured data of the occurrence of red tide in the coastal area of Guangdong, the relationship between the occurrence of red tide in coastal area of Guangdong and marine hydrometeorology from October 1997 to May 1998 was analyzed. The results showed that the maximum growth rate of Phaecystiscf globosa Schcherffel and Gynmodinium mikimoloi were as follows: the seawater temperature (the average daily values below) was 21.9 ℃ ~ 26.9 ℃. Salinity 26.68 ~ 32.01, temperature 22.9 ℃ ~ 27.1 ℃, wind speed 0.2 ~ 4.3m / s, pressure 1002.2 ~ 1011.9hPa, relative humidity 83% ~ 94%. It is considered that the anomalous changes of the upper ocean water temperature in the equatorial Pacific from 1997 to 1998 led to the high water temperature and temperature in the southeast coast of China in 1998, the weak wind speed, the low salinity, the high relative humidity and the low atmospheric pressure, How much did it have an important impact on the formation and development of red tides in the coastal areas of Guangdong in 1998? It was found that when the sea level pressure and salinity decreased in spring and summer, the temperature, water temperature and relative humidity tended to increase, and the tide prone to red tide occurred when the wind speed decreased. The north of the subtropical high at 500 hPa Located in front of the tank. In the 850hPa plot, a strong shear line circulation appears in southern China. On the surface weather map, there is a frontal system in the vicinity of Nanling at the time of the occurrence of red tide, with weak wind speed on the sea surface and eastward wind direction.