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一、简单的历史回顾 1945年Bray和发现本病,1947年Kauffman作血清分型,证实致病性大肠杆菌(下称EPEC)可致婴儿肠炎。我国自1957年报道有O_(111):B_4,O_(55):B_5,O_(26):B_6和O_(86):B_7,可致病,至1958年又增O_(128):B_(12),O_(127):B_8。当时在我国O_(111):B_4最多,北京占84.9％,上海占76.4％,重庆占71.9％,山东占76％,但也有时O_(55):B_5或O_(128):B_(12)突出。50年代多数城市每年有EPEC腹泻流行,季节性很明显,夏季形成高峰,病死率高达8.37％。60年代多数仍以O_(111):B_4为主,占82.1％,70年代后此菌检出率下降,以轮状病毒为主要病原的秋季腹泻流行成为主要高峰。至80年代EPEC肠炎的病死率已降至0.79％。此时血清型则以O_(126):B_(16)和O_(119):B_(14)为主。
First, a simple historical review of Bray and found the disease in 1945, 1947 Kauffman for serotyping confirmed that pathogenic E. coli (hereinafter referred to as EPEC) can cause infant enteritis. Since 1957, O_ (111): B_4, O_ (55): B_5, O_ (26): B_6 and O_ (86): B_7 have been reported in our country, 12), O_ (127): B_8. At that time, O_ (111): B_4 was the most in our country, Beijing accounted for 84.9%, Shanghai accounted for 76.4%, Chongqing accounted for 71.9% and Shandong accounted for 76%, but sometimes O_ (55): B_5 or O_ (128) prominent. In most cities in the 1950s, EPEC diarrhea was prevalent every year. The seasonality was obvious. The peak was in summer and the case fatality rate was as high as 8.37%. In the 1960s, most of them were still O_ (111): B_4, accounting for 82.1%. After the 1970s, the detection rate of this bacterium dropped. The prevalence of autumnal diarrhea with rotavirus as the main pathogen became the main peak. The mortality of EPEC enteritis in the 1980s has dropped to 0.79%. At this time, the serotypes were O_ (126): B_ (16) and O_ (119): B_ (14).