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在高考试题中实际问题的题目占有很大的比例,侧重于考查学生的实践能力。要正确分析和解决实际问题,必须弄清实际问题的物理过程,建立正确的物理图景,建构出正确的物理模型。但有时在没有弄清实际问题的物理过程的情形下,就可能造成物理模型的负迁移,得出错误的结论。以下就切割玻璃的实际问题所引起的“船渡河模型”的负迁移,谈一下我们粗浅的看法。
The subject of practical problems in high test questions occupies a large proportion, focusing on the practical ability of students. To correctly analyze and solve practical problems, it is necessary to clarify the physical process of actual problems, establish a correct physical picture, and construct a correct physical model. But sometimes without understanding the physical process of the actual problem, it may cause a negative migration of the physical model and draw wrong conclusions. The following is a brief discussion of the negative migration of the “ship crossing the river model” caused by the actual problems of cutting glass.