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2013年在中国台湾地区发现了第一例人感染H6N1禽流感,研究该地区H6N1病毒血凝素基因(HA)的适应性进化特征和种群动力学,将为人感染H6N1病毒的来源、进化及致病机制的理解提供更多信息,为进一步的研究和防治提供一定帮助。本研究从Flu和GISAID两大数据库中获得中国台湾地区所有已释放的H6N1病毒的HA序列,构建系统发育树和进化动力曲线,并推测其进化速率,分析其适应性进化特征。结果表明中国台湾地区H6N1病毒的HA有五种类型,其中人感染H6N1病毒的HA所属类型为目前当地优势类型;该病毒种群于1971年底第一次扩张,2008年迅速减少,而后又略有增加。同时在长期的进化过程中,3个位点受到正选择作用的影响,增加了病毒的适应能力;89个位点受负选择作用的影响,它们在病毒的复制、流行中可能具有重要的功能;其中剪切位点附近的329位所受负选择作用强烈(PSLAC0.001、PFEL0.000、BFREL137),此位点可能与病毒毒力有关。中国台湾地区H6N1病毒的HA已发生了明显的适应性进化,具有发生疫情的可能性,人们应高度重视,并能及时给与监测和防治。
In 2013, the first human H5N1 bird flu was found in Taiwan, China to study the adaptive evolution characteristics and population dynamics of the H6N1 hemagglutinin gene (HA) in the area of China. The origin, evolution and cause of H6N1 virus infection The understanding of the pathogenesis provides more information and provides some help for further research and prevention. In this study, HA sequences of all released H6N1 viruses from Taiwan and China were obtained from Flu and GISAID databases. Phylogenetic trees and evolutionary kinetics curves were constructed and their evolutionary rates were estimated and their adaptive evolution characteristics analyzed. The results showed that there are five types of HA in H6N1 virus in Taiwan of China. Among them, the HA type of human H6N1 virus is the current local predominant species. The virus population expanded for the first time in late 1971 and then rapidly decreased in 2008 and then slightly increased . At the same time, in the process of long-term evolution, the three loci were affected by the positive selection and increased the ability of the virus to adapt. The 89 loci were affected by negative selection and may play important roles in virus replication and epidemiology ; The negative selection effect of 329 positions near the cleavage site was strong (PSLAC0.001, PFEL0.000, BFREL137), which may be related to virulence. HA of H6N1 virus in Taiwan of China has undergone obvious adaptive evolution and possesses the possibility of occurrence of epidemic. People should attach great importance to it and can give timely monitoring and prevention.