本文报告自1968—1985年2月,收治先天性孤立肾7例,其中经手术5例,综合临床资料确诊2例。本症较罕见,临床无典型症状,容易漏诊或误诊。但因伴有其他先天崎形或合并症,而检查时可发现,文中着重讨论有关诊断问题。强调指出,对外伤性急腹症并肾破裂的诊疗中,必须警惕存在孤立肾的可能性。对孤立肾合并结石伴有尿路梗阻,须采取积极手术治疗。 This article reports from 1968-1985 February, admitted to congenital solitary kidney in 7 cases, of which 5 cases by surgery, the comprehensive clinical data confirmed in 2 cases. The disease is rare, no typical clinical symptoms, easy to misdiagnosis or misdiagnosis. However, due to other congenital Kawasaki or comorbidities, and examination can be found, the article focuses on the diagnosis of the problem. Stressed that the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic acute abdomen and renal rupture, we must guard against the possibility of isolated kidney. On isolated kidney stones associated with urinary tract obstruction, to take active surgical treatment.