The rates of length/width of 11 Hemudu ancient rices were compared with the O. rufipogon, O. sativa, sub sp. indica and japonica. In No. 7 and 10 ancient rices, the rates were 3.26 and 3.07 resembling to the 3.04—3.17 in O.rufipogen. In No. 1,4,8 and 9 ancient rices, the rates were 2.87, 2.82. 2.51 and 2.38 respectively which resemble to the 2.29—2.50 in O. indica. The rates in No. 2,3,6 and 11 ancient rices, however, were 1.71,1.78, 1.56 and 1.56 respectively which were lower than the rate of 2 in japonica. The bi-peak-tubercles of lemma on the No. 1,4, and 8 of Hemudu ancient rices that belong to the indica were observed with the scanning electric microscope (SEM). The common characters of bipeak-tubercles on the lemma in these 3 Hemudu ancient rices were as follows: the distance between two The rates of length / width of 11 Hemudu ancient rices were compared with the O. rufipogon, O. sativa, sub sp. Indica and japonica. In No. 7 and 10 ancient rices, the rates were 3.26 and 3.07 resembling to the 3.04- 3.17 in O. rufipogen. In Nos. 1,4,8 and 9 ancient rices, the rates were 2.87, 2.82. 2.51 and 2.38 respectively which resemble the 2.29-2.50 in O. indica. The rates in Nos. 2,3 , 6 and 11 ancient rices, however, were 1.71, 1.78, 1.56 and 1.56 respectively which were lower than the rate of 2 in japonica. The bi-peak-tubercles of lemma on the No. 1,4, and 8 of Hemudu ancient rices that belong to the indica were observed with the scanning electric microscope (SEM). The common characters of bipeak-tubercles on the lemma in these 3 Hemudu ancient rices were as follows: the distance between two