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根据TRIPs协定,成员方有义务在进口环节保护知识产权,而对于出口和过境环节没有条约义务强制要求,成员方可以选择适用。实践中,对多边主义的背离导致越来越多的数边和双边自由贸易协定开始显现,这些新的国际协调无视GATT第5条的过境自由原则,开始在过境贸易中保护知识产权。由于过境贸易在理论和制度设计上都有争议,司法实践中出现了如过境英国涉嫌假冒诺基亚商标手机案等大量争议性案例。如果印度和巴西诉欧盟的过境药品争端案通过专家组和(或)上诉机构的解决,将对过境贸易的知识产权保护形成结论性意见。
According to the TRIPs Agreement, member states have the obligation to protect intellectual property rights at the import link, and there is no mandatory requirement for treaty obligations at the export and transit links. Members may choose to apply. In practice, the departure from multilateralism has led to an increasing number of bilateral and free trade agreements beginning to emerge that have ignored the principle of freedom of transit under Article 5 of the GATT and begun to protect intellectual property rights in transit trade. Due to the controversy on both theoretical and institutional design of transit trade, there have been a lot of controversial cases in judicial practice such as the mobile phone case of fake Nokia trademarks in Britain. If transit drug disputes between India and Brazil v. The EU are resolved through expert groups and / or appellate bodies, concluding observations will be made on the protection of intellectual property in transit trade.