鱼类是人体获取优质蛋白、特别是LC-PUFA的主要食物来源,人类对水产品需求的增加将主要依赖于水产养殖.然而,鱼油资源短缺、价格昂贵严重制约水产养殖业的可持续发展.弄清鱼类LC-PUFA合成代谢的调控机制,有助于解决在水产饲料中利用植物油替代鱼油存在的不良效果问题,降低或摆脱水产养殖对鱼油的依赖.本文主要从转录水平、转录后水平、表观遗传水平等方面,对鱼类LC-PUFA合成代谢调控机制方面的研究进展进行综述,以期为该领域的研究工作者提供参考. However, the shortage of fish oil resources and the high price of fish oil seriously restrict the sustainable development of aquaculture. Understanding the regulatory mechanism of LC-PUFA anabolism and metabolism can help to solve the problem of using vegetable oil instead of fish oil in aquafeeds to reduce or eliminate the dependence of aquaculture on fish oil.In this paper, the transcriptional level, post-transcriptional level , Epigenetic level and so on, reviewed the research progress on the regulation mechanism of LC-PUFA anabolic metabolism in order to provide reference for researchers in this field.