1946年Zdansky及Brock二氏首先討論中叶不张的重要性,1948年Graham氏首創中叶綜合征的名称,并报告12例病案,以后国外文献对这一綜合征陆续有所报导;在国内候氏彭氏各有2例报告。中叶綜合征是由于中叶支气管所属淋巴結肿大压迫或穿入支气管而造成中叶不张,以后在这一病理基础上有反复发作的阻塞性肺炎,主要临床表現为发烧、咳嗽、咳痰、咯血等,临床症状与病理表現往往与支气管扩张症很相近似。支气管阻塞长久时即有肺組織的永久性破坏。临床分析本文报告41例,其中男性25例,女性16例,男女之比約为3:2,但我院男女性住院病人的比例也約为3:2,因此本綜合征的发病率似与性别无关,在年龄方面,以16—45岁者居多,共27例,占全病案的65.9％;15岁以下者共7例,占17％,多发生于初染肺結核的儿童。病理变化可分为三期①中叶支气管周围淋巴結肿大,压迫气管造成阻塞及肺不张。②主 In 1946 Zdansky and Brock II first discussed the importance of atelectasis, 1948 Graham’s first name of the middle lobe syndrome, and reported 12 cases of the disease, later foreign literature reported on this syndrome one after another; Peng has two reports each. The middle lobe syndrome is caused by the swelling of the lymph nodes in the middle lobe bronchus which is oppressed or penetrated into the bronchus. Later on this pathological basis, recurrent obstructive pneumonia occurs. The main clinical manifestations are fever, cough, sputum, hemoptysis, etc. Clinical symptoms and pathological manifestations are often similar to bronchiectasis. When the bronchial obstruction persists, there is permanent destruction of the lung tissue. Clinical analysis of this report 41 cases, including 25 males and 16 females, the ratio of male to female is about 3:2, but the ratio of male and female hospitalized patients in our hospital is also about 3:2, so the incidence of this syndrome is similar to Gender is irrelevant. In terms of age, the majority are aged 16-45 years, and there are 27 cases, accounting for 65.9% of the total cases. Seventeen cases are under the age of 17, accounting for 17%. Most of them occur in children with early tuberculosis. The pathological changes can be divided into three stages: 1. The peribronchial lymphadenopathy in the middle of the 1st stage, the oppression of the trachea caused obstruction and atelectasis. 2 master