肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）是体内具有多种生物活性的细胞因子，其基因位于ＨＬＡ复合体中。已经证明，ＴＮＦ在自身免疫病的发病中起很重要的作用。为了弄清这种作用，人们对ＴＮＦ基因的遗传多态性进行了大量的研究，并进一步探讨在自身免疫疾病的情况下ＴＮＦ基困遗传多态性与ＨＬＡ单倍型的关系、ＴＮＦ活性与ＭＨＣ其它基因的关系等问题，为认识ＴＮＦ在自身免疫病的作用机理提供理论基础。 Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a cytokine that has a variety of biological activities in vivo, and its gene is located in the HLA complex. It has been shown that TNF plays an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. In order to clarify this role, a large number of studies have been conducted on the genetic polymorphisms of the TNF gene and the relationship between TNF-related genetic polymorphisms and HLA haplotypes in the context of autoimmune diseases, TNF activity and MHC other genes and other issues, to understand the mechanism of TNF in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases provide a theoretical basis.