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目的评价《肌肉骨骼损伤情况调查问卷》在我国搬运作业人群中应用的信度与效度。方法采用整群抽样方法抽取某机场搬运作业人员383人作为调查对象,应用改进后的《肌肉骨骼损伤情况调查问卷》对4个工种搬运作业人员进行调查。计算Cronbach’α系数评价问卷的内部一致性信度,应用结构方程模型进行验证性因子分析评价问卷的结构效度,应用协方差分析检验各个维度得分与不同工种之间的关系并评价问卷的区分效度。结果 (1)内部一致性信度分析,问卷总体Cronbach’α系数为0.808,力量负荷维度和姿势负荷维度的Cronbach’α系数分别为0.559和0.792。(2)结构效度,基于工效学负荷分类构建的理论模型可以与调查数据顺利拟合,修正模型一阶因子的5个因子负荷量分别为0.94、0.95、0.88、0.72和0.80,各一阶因子能够很好的被二阶因子所解释,且两个二阶因子之间存在一定的相关关系。(3)区分效度,协方差分析结果显示不同工种2个维度得分的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论《肌肉骨骼损伤情况调查问卷》具有良好的信度与效度,能够真实有效地反映搬运作业人群职业活动的工效学负荷水平。
Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Questionnaire on Musculoskeletal Injury in carrying population in China. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to extract 383 workers from a certain airport as survey subjects. Four types of handling workers were surveyed with the improved Questionnaire on Musculoskeletal Injury. The internal consistency reliability of the Cronbach’α coefficient evaluation questionnaire was calculated, and the structural validity of the questionnaire was evaluated using the structural equation model. The covariance analysis was used to test the relationship between each dimension score and different types of work, and the questionnaire was evaluated Validity. Results (1) Internal consistency reliability analysis, the overall Cronbach’α coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.808, and the Cronbach’α coefficients of the power load and attitude load dimensions were 0.559 and 0.792, respectively. (2) The structural validity, the theoretical model based on the ergonomic load classification can be fitted well with the survey data. The five factors of the first-order factor of the modified model are 0.94, 0.95, 0.88, 0.72 and 0.80 respectively, The factor can be well explained by the second-order factor, and there is a certain correlation between the two second-order factors. (3) The discriminant validity and covariance analysis showed that there were significant differences in scores of two dimensions of different trades (P <0.01). Conclusion The questionnaire of musculoskeletal injury has a good reliability and validity, which can truly and effectively reflect the ergonomic load level of occupational activities in handling workers.