原型批评是20世纪文学批评的一个重要流派,它的产生和发展同瑞士心理学家卡尔·古斯塔夫·荣格密不可分。荣格将人的心灵分为意识和潜意识两部分,潜意识又进一步分为个体潜意识和集体无意识。“集体无意识是心灵的一部分……是完全通过遗传而存在的。个体潜意识的内容大部分是情结,集体无意识的内容则主要是原型。”[1]荣格称集体无意识的内容为原始意 Prototype criticism is an important genre of 20th century literary criticism. Its emergence and development are inseparable from the Swiss psychologist Carl Gustav Jung. Jung divides the human mind into two parts: consciousness and subconscious. Subconsciousness is further divided into individual subconsciousness and collective unconsciousness. “Collective unconsciousness is part of the mind ... It is entirely through genetics.” The subconscious content of individuals is mostly complex, while the collective unconscious content is largely archetypal. "[1] Jung argues that collective unconsciousness is primitive meaning