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在多边贸易体系不断受阻后,美国转向了FTA战略,并以FTA作为政策工具服务于国家整体战略。由于美国的石油储备有限,而且是世界第一大石油消费国,石油安全成为美国国家安全的重大问题。美国政府通过与主要石油供应国签署FTA或者BITs和TIFAs的形式,来达到或促进保障石油供应安全的目的。此外,美国通过与主要石油运输通道国家签署FTA,用其全球最大的消费市场作吸引,从而获得能源运输的安全。本文试图从美国石油安全和FTA战略实施的关系的角度进行分析,找出其内在的联系,为我国制定FTA战略和能源安全战略提供可以借鉴的经验。
After the multilateral trading system was continuously hindered, the United States turned to the FTA strategy and used the FTA as a policy tool to serve its overall national strategy. As the United States has limited oil reserves and is the world’s largest oil consumer, oil security has become a major issue for U.S. national security. The U.S. government achieves or promotes the protection of the security of oil supplies by signing FTAs or BITs and TIFAs with major oil suppliers. In addition, the United States has secured FTA by attracting FTAs from major oil-transit countries and using the world’s largest consumer market for energy transport. This article attempts to analyze the relationship between the petroleum security of the United States and the implementation of the FTA strategy to find out its internal relations and provide some lessons for our country in formulating FTA strategy and energy security strategy.