China has the world\'s highest nitrogen (N) application rate,and the lowest N use efficiency (NUE).With the crop yield increasing,serious N pollution is also caused.An in-situ field experiment (2011-2015) was conducted to examine the effects of three N levels,0 (i.e.,no fertilizer N addition to soil),120,and 180 kg N ha-1,using integrated rice management (IRM).We investigated rice yield,aboveground N uptake,and soil surface N budget in a hilly region of Southwest China.Compared to traditional rice management (TRM),IRM integrated raised beds,plastic mulch,furrow irrigation,and triangular transplanting,which significantly improved rice grain yield,straw biomass,aboveground N uptake,and NUE.Integrated rice management significantly improved 15N recovery efficiency (by 10％) and significantly reduced the ratio of potential 15N loss (by 8％-12％).Among all treatments,the 120 kg N ha-1 level under IRM achieved the highest 15N recovery efficiency (32％) and 15N residual effciency (29％),with the lowest 15N loss ratio (39％).After rice harvest,the residual N fertilizer did not achieve a full replenishment of soil N consumption,as the replenishing effect was insufficient (ranging from-31 to-49 kg N ha-1).Furthermore,soil surface N budget showed a surplus (69-146 kg N ha-1) under all treatments,and the N surplus was lower under IRM than TRM.These results indicate IRM as a reliable and stable method for high rice yield and high NUE,while exerting a minor risk of N loss.In the hilly area of Southwest China,the optimized N fertilizer application rate under IRM was found to be 100-150 kg N ha-1.