缺氧缺血或其伴发的再灌注是造成严重脑室内出血（ＩＶＨ）和脑室周围白质软化（ＰＶＬ）的重要机制。由于缺氧缺血可能发生于产前或产时，因此，能提示已发生缺氧缺血的早期指标有助于确定早产儿是否处于脑损伤的高危状态。缺氧缺血及再灌注时，次黄嘌呤在黄嘌呤氧化酶的作用 Hypoxic-ischemic or its associated reperfusion is an important mechanism responsible for severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and periventricular leukomalacia (PVL). Because hypoxic-ischemic attacks may occur at prenatal or at labor, early indicators of hypoxic-ischemic events may be helpful in determining whether preterm infants are at high risk for brain injury. Hypoxanthine plays a role in xanthine oxidase during hypoxic-ischemia and reperfusion