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《资本论》中有十九处谈到近代中国。纵观这些论述,出现在我们面前的是一幅近代中国的速写;中国,这个东方大国,一方面正在沦为半殖民地半封建社会,另一方面,正在觉醒,进行革命,并且以大无畏的英勇斗争激励着世界人民。中国的经济文化发展水平,在七世纪到十三世纪长达六百多年时间里,居于世界领先地位。但是,进入十六、十七、十八世纪,西欧各国相继由封建社会发展到资本主义社会,中国却仍旧停滞在封建社会阶段。《资本论》中的中国首先是作为资本主义生产方式的对立面、封建主义生产方式的典型出现的。马克思在《资本论》第二卷第四章
Nineteen of the “capitalists” talked about modern China. Looking at these discourses, what appears before us is a sketch of modern China. China, an oriental power that is becoming a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society on the one hand, and is on the other hand awakened and revolutionized, and with daring heroic struggles Inspire the people of the world China’s economic and cultural development ranks in the leading position in the world for more than 600 years from the 7th century to the 13th century. However, in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries, all the countries in Western Europe developed from feudal society to capitalist society. However, China still remained in a feudal society. China in “Capitalism” was first and foremost the opposite of the capitalist mode of production and the typical emergence of feudal mode of production. Marx in “capital” second volume fourth chapter