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目的:探讨染色体异常低风险胎儿心内强回声光斑(EIF)与胎儿心脏结构畸形的相关性。方法:对2011年1月至2012年1月本院6030例行中孕期产前超声筛查的染色体异常低风险孕妇进行详尽的胎儿超声心动图检查,发现胎儿EIF的256例作为研究组,未发现胎儿EIF的269例为对照组。观察比较两组胎儿心脏结构畸形的发生情况。结果:中孕期发现胎儿EIF 256例研究组中,237例(92.6%)存在于左心室,7例(2.7%)存在于右心室,12例(4.7%)同时存在于双心室。晚孕期(28~34周)胎儿超声心动图复查,243例(94.9%)EIF消失,未消失者胎儿心脏结构及功能未发现异常。两组胎儿心脏结构畸形发生率的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组与对照组各发现2例胎儿心脏畸形(发生率为0.8%与0.7%),分别为法洛氏四联症、肺动脉狭窄与室间隔缺损、主动脉弓离断。结论:染色体异常低风险胎儿EIF与胎儿心脏结构畸形无明显相关性。
Objective: To investigate the relationship between fetal intracardiac echogenic (EIF) and fetal cardiac structural deformity in low-risk fetal chromosomal abnormalities. Methods: A detailed fetal echocardiography was performed on low-risk chromosomal abnormalities among 6030 prenatal ultrasound screening in our hospital from January 2011 to January 2012. We found 256 cases of fetal EIF as the study group 269 cases of fetal EIF were found as control group. Observe and compare the incidence of fetal heart malformations in both groups. Results: Of the 256 fetuses with fetal EIF in the study group, 237 (92.6%) were found in the left ventricle, 7 (2.7%) in the right ventricle, and 12 (4.7%) in the double ventricle. Fetal echocardiography was performed in the second trimester of pregnancy (28-34 weeks), and 243 cases (94.9%) disappeared. The structure and function of the fetuses without disappearance were found to be abnormal. There was no significant difference in the incidence of fetal heart malformation between the two groups (P> 0.05). Two cases of fetal heart malformations were found in the study group and the control group (the incidence rates were 0.8% and 0.7% respectively), which were tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary stenosis and ventricular septal defect and aortic arch. CONCLUSION: There is no significant correlation between fetal EIF and fetal heart malformations in low-risk chromosomal abnormalities.