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作为非裔美国文学特有的一种修辞策略,喻指根源于泛非洲文化阐释体系。盖茨通过融合杜波依斯的双重意识概念,吸收和借鉴索绪尔符号学的分析模式和巴赫金狂欢化诗学的理论成果,创立了喻指理论。喻指理论立足黑人阐释学和黑人土语的修辞策略,以研究非裔美国文学中存在的隐喻修正、言说者文本、说话文本和重写言说者文本等四种双声文本关系为核心,发掘后辈文本对前辈文本的差异性重复和修正,将语言分析与文化考古相结合,揭示非裔美国文学的双声性和互文性特征,对黑人文学缺乏原创性的论调给予了理论回击,动摇了非裔美国文学批评中白人批评理论的霸权地位,开辟了关注语言能指和文本关系的黑人文学批评新思路。
As a rhetoric peculiar to African American literature, metaphor refers to the pan-African cultural interpretation system. Gates created the theory of metaphor by amalgamation of Dubois’s concept of double consciousness, absorption and use of the analytical model of Saussure’s semiotics and the theoretical achievements of Bakhtin’s carnival poetics. Metaphor refers to the rhetoric that the theory is based on black hermeneutics and black soil language. Based on the study of the relationship between metaphorical modification, speaker’s text, spoken text and re-written speaker’s text in African American literature, The repetition and revision of the differences between seniors’ texts, the combination of linguistic analysis and cultural archeology reveal the duality and intertextuality of African-American literature, giving a theoretical response to the lack of originality in African-American literature and shaken off by African Americans The hegemonic position of white criticism theory in American literary criticism opens up new ideas of black literary criticism focusing on the relationship between language signifier and text.