我科手术治疗原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进５例。腺瘤４例，腺癌１例。诊断依靠病史，Ｘ线骨表现及血钙、血磷、ＡＫＰ、ＰＴＨ等化验综合分析。定位主要靠ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ，后者阳性率高。手术成功的关键是术前定位明确，熟悉甲状旁腺的解剖和变异并掌握系统探查方法。术后注意低血钙并及时处理。 Surgical treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism in 5 cases. 4 cases of adenoma, 1 case of adenocarcinoma. Diagnosis depends on medical history, X-ray findings and serum calcium, phosphorus, AKP, PTH and other laboratory tests. Positioning mainly rely on CT and MRI, the latter positive rate. The key to successful operation is to have a clear preoperative location, be familiar with the anatomy and variation of the parathyroid gland, and master the systematic exploration methods. Postoperative attention to hypocalcemia and timely treatment.