心理学家迪西曾做过一个实验:让一些学生解答妙趣横生的智力难题。开始时对所有学生都不奖励,接着把他们分成两组,其中一组学生每解答完一个智力难题,就给予一定的奖励,另一组学生不给任何奖励。在两组学生休息或自由活动时,实验者进行观察,结果发现,尽管有奖励的那组学生在有奖励时解答十分努力,但自由活动时却只有少数人在继续自觉地解答未解出的问题;而无奖励的学生却有更多的人热衷于解答尚未解出的智力难题。总的说来,有奖励的一组学生对解答难题的兴趣减弱了,而无奖励刺激的学生对解答问题的兴趣比有奖励刺激的学生更浓厚这种现象心理 Diexi psychologists had an experiment: let some students answer the fun puzzle intellectual problems. Initially, all students are not rewarded, and then they are divided into two groups, one group of students each answer a mental problem, give a certain reward, another group of students do not give any reward. When the two groups of students took rest or exercising freely, the experimenter observed that although the rewarding group of students answered very hard when they were rewarded, only a few of the free agents continued to consciously answer the unsolved Problem; however, there are more people who are not rewarded keen to answer the puzzles that have not yet been solved. Overall, the rewards of a group of students have diminished their interest in answering difficult questions, whereas the non-rewarding students have a more psychological interest in answering questions than do those who are rewarding