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双清别墅和贝家花园均位于北京西山地区,分别为民国时期政治活动家熊希龄和法籍医生贝熙业的别墅花园。双清别墅建于清代皇家园林静宜园松坞云庄的遗址之上,分为两层台地。此园明显受到近代欧洲别墅园林的影响,对传统的造园形式作了若干变通,采用了对称的布局方式、简洁的建筑造型以及几何形的水池,并保留了一处古建筑台基和假山,园中古树数量极多,周围借景条件良好。贝家花园采用中西合璧的手法,分设3处台地,东台建造高大的石碉楼,南台建砖木结构厅堂,北台设混凝土结构的仿古楼阁以及藤架、喷泉水池等景致,手法十分独特。本文通过现场调研和文献考证,对这两座富有特色的近代私家园林的基本布局以及造园手法进行了探讨。
Shuangqing Villa and Beijia Garden are located in the Xishan area of Beijing. They are Xiong Xiling, a political activist during the Republican era, and the villa garden of the French doctor Bei Xiye. Shuangqing Villa was built on the ruins of Songhuang Yunzhuang, an imperial garden in the Qing Dynasty. It is divided into two layers of terraces. This garden was apparently influenced by modern European villa gardens and made some modifications to the traditional gardening style with a symmetrical layout, simple architectural shapes and geometric shaped pools, and preserved an ancient building base and rockery , A large number of ancient trees in the park, surrounded by borrowing conditions are good. Beijia Garden adopts the combination of Chinese and western style. There are three terraces, the tall towers of Dongtai, the south of Taiwan built brick hall, the north of the concrete structure of antique pavilions, as well as the pergola, fountain pool and other views, the method is very unique. Through field investigation and literature research, this paper discusses the basic layout of the two modern private gardens with unique characteristics and the practices of gardening.