The aim of the study was to assess effect of the atipamezole on talezol/xylazine induced expression of c-fos in rat brain. Rats were injected with the mixture of 13.81 mg ? kg-1 telazol and 5.21 mg ? kg-1 xylazine, following 10 min later 0.522 mg ? kg-1 atipamezole injected, and then the cerebral cortex and thalamencephal were removed at 1 h after injected. Level of Fos protein was measured in the brain tissue by west-blot. The results revealed that telazol/xylazine induction Fos protein expression in the thalamencephal and cerebral cortex during the period of anesthesia, atipamezole attenuated telazol/xylazine induction Fos protein expression in the thalamencephal and cerebral cortex. The results indicated that atipamezole could inhibite telazol/xylazine-induced c-fos expression in the rat brain, and played a protective role of neuronal injury.