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目的探索对暗娼人群开展性病/艾滋病综合防治干预的方法和措施并评估其效果。方法关键人物培训、同伴教育、发放宣传材料,提供免费检测、咨询、治疗及转诊服务等。结果 2009~2011年间,暗娼人群接受干预的比例提高,艾滋病知识知晓率由干预前24.24%(206/850)上升到干预后的80.11%(423/528),安全套使用率由干预前27.65%(235/850)上升到干预后的96.02%(507/528);梅毒感染率由干预前8.71%(74/850)下降到干预后的3.41%(18/528),(χ2=14.67,P<0.01)。淋病、沙眼衣原体的感染率由干预前1.99%(8/402)、17.66%(71/402)下降到干预后0.00%(0/528)、4.73%(25/528)。(χ2=8.39(校正),P<0.01;χ2=41.2,P<0.01)。艾滋病的感染率由干预前0.24%下降到干预后0.00%(χ2=0.15(校正),P>0.05)。结论对暗娼人群进行综合行为干预措施是有效可行的,也有明显的社会效益,但如何有效地、持续提高行为干预的效果仍任重而道远。
Objective To explore the methods and measures for intervention of STD / AIDS prevention and control among FSWs and evaluate their effects. Methods Key Personnel Training, Peer Education, Publicity Materials, Free Testing, Counseling, Treatment and Referral Services. Results From 2009 to 2011, the percentage of FSWs intervened was increased. The awareness rate of HIV / AIDS among AIDS patients increased from 24.24% (206/850) before intervention to 80.11% (423/528) after intervention. Condom use rate increased from 27.65% (before intervention) 235/850) increased to 96.02% (507/528) after intervention. The infection rate of syphilis decreased from 8.71% (74/850) before intervention to 3.41% (18/528) after intervention (χ2 = 14.67, P < 0.01). Gonorrhea and Chlamydia trachomatis infection rates decreased from 1.99% (8/402) and 17.66% (71/402) before intervention to 0.00% (0/528) and 4.73% (25/528) after intervention. (χ2 = 8.39 (corrected), P <0.01; χ2 = 41.2, P <0.01). The infection rate of AIDS decreased from 0.24% before intervention to 0.00% after intervention (χ2 = 0.15 (corrected), P> 0.05). Conclusion It is feasible and effective to carry out comprehensive behavioral interventions for FSWs. There are still obvious social benefits. However, it is still a long and arduous task to effectively and continuously improve the effectiveness of behavioral interventions.