一、引言当代人本主义心理学家罗杰斯认为,“现代教育的悲剧之一,就是认为惟有认知学习是重要的”。在教学中,不能把人降低到“一只较大的白鼠或一架较慢的计算机水平”,而要重视对学生的认知、情感、兴趣、动机等内部心理世界的研究,脱离了学生心理需求的学习是一种“在颈部以上发生的学习,与完整的人无关”。1995年,哈佛大学教授丹尼尔·戈尔曼就类似的观点明确提 I. INTRODUCTION Contemporary humanistic psychologist Rogers believes that “one of the tragedies of modern education is that cognitive learning alone is important”. In teaching, people should not be reduced to “a large white rat or a slower computer”. Instead, they should pay attention to the study of students’ inner world of psychology such as their cognition, emotion, interest, and motivation. The study of psychological needs is a kind of “learning that occurs above the neck and has nothing to do with complete people.” In 1995, Harvard University professor Daniel Goleman made a clear statement on a similar point.