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目的全面总结青藏铁路建设期间鼠疫防治工作。方法对2001~2006年青藏铁路沿线的鼠疫监测、宣传教育、实地演练、新技术应用等方面工作进行总结,结合历史资料对青藏铁路建设期间鼠疫防治工作进行全面分析。结果2001~2006年在青藏铁路沿线周边地区共发生动物鼠疫24县次,分离鼠疫菌81株,发生人间鼠疫4次,发病6人,死亡3人;但是青藏铁路建设工区内取得了人间鼠疫的“零”发生,邻近地区内动物间疫情提前被监测并有效控制的辉煌成果。结论在卫生部和铁道部的直接领导下,中国疾病预防控制中心和西藏、青海两省(区)的鼠疫防治工作人员在青藏铁路施工期间,取得了前所未有的辉煌成就,为青藏铁路的施工建设提供了充分的卫生安全保障,其成功经验足以为其他大型工程建设期间的鼠疫卫生学评价提供借鉴。
Objective To comprehensively summarize the prevention and control of plague during the construction of Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Methods The work on plague surveillance, publicity and education, field exercises and application of new technologies along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway from 2001 to 2006 were summarized. Combining with historical data, a comprehensive analysis of plague prevention and control during the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway was carried out. Results From 2001 to 2006, animal plague occurred in 24 counties around the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. There were 81 strains of Yersinia pestis isolated from the plague and four human plague occurred in the area, with 6 cases and 3 deaths. However, human plague was found in the construction area of Qinghai-Tibet Railway “Zero ” occurred, the neighboring areas within the animal epidemic in advance to be monitored and effectively controlled brilliant achievements. Conclusions Directly under the direct leadership of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Railways, plague prevention and control workers of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and Tibet and Qinghai provinces (autonomous regions) have made unprecedented achievements during the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, Provide adequate sanitation and safety assurances, and its successful experience is sufficient to provide a reference for the evaluation of plague hygiene during the construction of other large-scale projects.