目的了解北京市外环境及食品中霍乱弧菌污染状况,为人间霍乱疫情防控提供科学依据。方法 20042013年,每月均在全市的16个区(县)采集地表水、游泳池水、养殖池水、水产品、熟食、其他等6类样品,分别进行霍乱弧菌培养,对培养结果应用描述流行病学的方法进行分析。结果 2004 2013年养殖池水和其他类别样品的霍乱阳性率最高,分别为1.16%(44/3808)和1.48%(61/4135);游泳池水中未检出霍乱弧菌;外环境疫情在北京市集中在城近郊区,呈环形分布;牛蛙和甲鱼检测阳性率较高,霍乱毒素(cholera toxin,CT)阳性疫情较少,占检测总起数的9.09%(5/55),且均为水产品涂抹疫情。2007年以来,霍乱外环境疫情较少,O139群霍乱弧菌污染呈下降趋势,O1群稻叶型则有所增多。结论北京市霍乱弧菌污染较轻,且检出菌株也以CT阴性菌株为主,对人体威胁较小。 Objective To understand the contamination of Vibrio cholerae outside the environment and food in Beijing and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of human cholera epidemic. Methods In 2004-2013, six types of samples, including surface water, swimming pool water, aquaculture water, aquatic products, cooked food and others, were collected in 16 districts (counties) of the city every month. Vibrio cholerae culture was carried out respectively. Systematic analysis. Results The positive rates of cholera in aquaculture water and other types of samples were 1.16% (44/3808) and 1.48% (61/4135) respectively in 2013; Vibrio cholerae was not detected in swimming pool water; and the external environmental epidemic was concentrated in Beijing In the suburbs of the city, there was a ring-shaped distribution. The detection rate of bullfrog and turtle was higher than that of cholera toxin (CT), accounting for 9.09% (5/55) of the total number of detection, both were aquatic products Apply the epidemic. Since 2007, outbreaks of cholera outside the environment were less, the Vibrio cholerae O139 group showed a downward trend, and the O1 paddy rice leaf type increased. Conclusion Vibrio cholerae in Beijing is less polluted and CT-negative strains are also detected, which is less threatening to human.