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介绍了应用于空间航天器展开机构的几种驱动方式,并对各种驱动方式进行分析比较,得出一种基于形状记忆合金扭簧来驱动展开空间机构。采用形状记忆合金丝制备SMA扭簧,对SMA扭簧进行了性能测试,得出SMA扭簧的扭矩-角度关系,确定SMA扭簧的圈数。利用合页铰链将SMA扭簧与太阳能帆板连接,在10.5 V电压的激励下测试SMA扭簧驱动太阳能帆板,得出太阳能帆板展开角度与时间的关系。实验结果表明:SMA扭簧驱动太阳能帆板展开180°的时间约为15.4 s,在4.0 s时,太阳能帆板展开角度明显增大;在帆板展开180°后,SMA扭簧的扭矩为8.54 N·mm。这种驱动器的驱动效果较好,且响应时间较快。
Several driving methods applied to the spacecraft deployment mechanism are introduced, and various driving modes are analyzed and compared to obtain a mechanism based on the shape memory alloy torsion spring to drive the deployment space. An SMA torsion spring was prepared by shape memory alloy wire. The performance of SMA torsion spring was tested. The torque-angle relationship of SMA torsion spring was obtained and the number of turns of SMA torsion spring was determined. SMA hinge was used to connect the SMA torsion spring to the solar panel. The SMA torsion spring was used to test the solar panel under the excitation of 10.5 V voltage. The relation between the solar panel deployment angle and time was obtained. The experimental results show that the torsion angle of solar panels is about 15.4 s when the SMA torsion spring drives the solar panel to expand 180 °, and the deployment angle of the solar panel is significantly increased at 4.0 s. The torque of SMA torsion spring is 8.54 after 180 ° of windsurfing. N · mm. This kind of driver has good driving effect and fast response time.