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目的研究ApoE基因多态性及累计飞行时间对飞行人员血脂水平的影响。方法以聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)法测定ApoE基因多态性。常规试剂盒测定血脂水平,包括血浆总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)。飞行人员个人信息采用问卷调查。结果飞行人员的血脂异常患病率为49.2%,高于国内普通人群的26.9%。飞行人员中ApoE等位基因ε2的频率高于国内一般人群,而ε4的频率低于一般人群,ApoE基因多态性与TC、LDL-C、ApoB的水平相关,而和TG、HDL-C的水平关系不明显。在高TC和高LDL-C血脂异常组,等位基因ε3的频率高于TC和LDL-C正常组,而等位基因ε2的情况刚好相反。累计飞行时间在15000h以上的飞行人员与累计飞行时间在10000h以下的人员相比,TC、HDL-C均明显增高(P<0.05),而TG、LDL-C亦有增高趋势,但未有统计学差异。Logistic回归分析提示,BMI和血脂异常的发生相关,而累计飞行时间与体重指数(BMI)相关,抽烟、运动、喝酒等因素未发现与血脂异常及BMI有关。结论累计飞行时间是影响血脂水平的重要因素,累计飞行时间可以直接或间接地通过影响BMI而影响血脂水平。
Objective To study the effect of ApoE gene polymorphism and cumulative flight time on the blood lipid level of pilots. Methods ApoE gene polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Lipid levels were measured using a routine kit including plasma total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Personal information of pilots is surveyed. Results The prevalence of dyslipidemia in pilots was 49.2%, which was higher than 26.9% of the general population in China. The frequency of ApoE allele ε2 was higher than that of the general population in China. The frequency of ε4 was lower than that of the general population. The polymorphism of ApoE gene was related to the levels of TC, LDL-C and ApoB, but not to TG, HDL-C Horizontal relationship is not obvious. In high TC and high LDL-C dyslipidemia group, the frequency of allele ε3 was higher than that of TC and LDL-C normal group, while the allele ε2 was just the opposite. TC and HDL-C were significantly higher (P <0.05) and TG and LDL-C were also higher in pilots with accumulated flight time more than 15000h as compared with those with accumulated flight time less than 10000h Differences Logistic regression analysis showed that BMI was correlated with dyslipidemia, and accumulated flight time was related to body mass index (BMI). Smoking, exercise, alcohol consumption and other factors were not associated with dyslipidemia and BMI. Conclusion The cumulative flight time is an important factor affecting blood lipid levels. The cumulative flight time can affect the blood lipid level directly or indirectly by influencing BMI.