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企业是一个人格化的通过分工、协作与协调实现生产的实体组织,它是生产性与组织性的统一;企业起源与发展的动力起初可能来源于生存的压力,后来是追求分工经济利益的欲望,企业直接起源于社会协作的困难,其实质是在一定分工、技术和制度条件下的组织创新,作用机制是企业内的分工与协调和企业间的分工与协调之间的相互作用和相互转化;企业的边界无非就是企业组织的分化与整合。
An enterprise is a personified entity organization that realizes production through division of labor, collaboration, and coordination. It is the unity of production and organization; the origin of the enterprise and the motive force for its development may initially come from the pressure of survival, and later it is the desire to pursue the economic interests of the division of labor. Enterprises are directly rooted in the difficulties of social collaboration. Their essence is organizational innovation under certain conditions of division of labor, technology, and institutions. The mechanism of action is the interaction and mutual transformation between division of labor and coordination within companies and between enterprises. The boundaries of an enterprise are nothing more than the division and integration of business organizations.