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本文采用人工降雨室内试验,研究了坡地土壤侵蚀与有机质、全氮和有效磷养分的流失过程。坡度、雨强对其流失过程的影响;比较分析了裸露坡地及沙网覆盖两种处理的土壤侵蚀与养分流失过程。结果表明:随坡度,雨强增大,养分流失量也增加;试验小区覆盖纱网消除雨滴动能后,土壤养分流失量比裸露坡地减少60%左右;养分流失量与土壤流失量呈正相关,多数泥沙样中有效养分的含量高于土壤中养分含量,尤以有效磷更为显著。
In this paper, indoor artificial rainfall experiment was conducted to study the soil erosion and the loss of organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus in sloping fields. Slope and rainfall intensity on the process of soil erosion were analyzed. The soil erosion and nutrient loss process of bare slope and sand cover were analyzed. The results showed that with the increase of slope and rainfall intensity, the amount of nutrient loss also increased. After removing the kinetic energy of raindrops in the test plot, the amount of soil nutrient loss decreased about 60% compared with bare slope. The amount of nutrient loss was positively correlated with soil loss, The content of available nutrients in the sediment samples is higher than the content of nutrients in the soil, especially the available phosphorus.