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目的:分析浦东新区的性工作者及嫖娼收教人群的人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)、梅毒螺旋体(Treponema pallidum,TP)感染情况。方法:以2009年至2012年由浦东新区公安机关羁押的性工作者与嫖娼人群为监测对象,对其进行HIV抗体、TP抗体检测。结果:浦东新区的性工作人群HIV新确诊阳性率(以下简略为阳性率)2009年最低,2012年最高,具有上升趋势,但4年间的差异均尚无统计学意义(χ2=3.418,P=0.334);HIV累计阳性率大于阳性率,表明有已知阳性者从事卖淫活动;TP阳性率2011年最低,与2010年、2012年间差异显著(χ22010-2011=7.662,P=0.006;χ22011-2012=7.793,P=0.005)。嫖娼人群的HIV阳性率2009年最高,但4年间的差异也均无统计学意义(χ2=3.452,P=0.270);累计阳性率大于阳性率,表明有已知阳性者从事嫖娼活动;TP阳性率2012年最低,2011最高,但四年之间均无显著性差异(χ2=2.990,P=0.400)。HIV阳性率在两人群中无统计学差异(χ2=1.861,P=0.173),而TP阳性率差异显著(χ2=56.530,P<0.001)。性工作人群与嫖娼人群年龄分布特征差异显著(F=472.466,P=0.001),具有统计学意义。结论:已知HIV阳性的性工作者对社会危害极大。建议以政府为主体,采取“管教”和“干预”相结合的社会预防模式,控制艾滋病等性病的蔓延和流行。
Objective: To analyze the infection status of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Treponema pallidum (TP) among sex workers and prostitutes in Pudong New Area. Methods: From 2009 to 2012, the sex workers and prostitutes detained by public security authorities in Pudong New Area as the monitoring object, and tested for HIV antibody and TP antibody. Results: The newly diagnosed HIV positive rate in the working population in Pudong New Area was the lowest in 2009 and the highest in 2012 with an upward trend. However, there was no significant difference in the four years (χ2 = 3.418, P = 0.334). The cumulative positive rate of HIV was higher than the positive rate, indicating that there were known positive persons engaged in prostitution activities. The positive rate of TP was the lowest in 2011 and was significantly different from that of 2010 and 2012 (χ22010-2011 = 7.662, P = 0.006; χ22011-2012 = 7.793, P = 0.005). The HIV positive rate of the prostitutes was the highest in 2009, but there was no significant difference in the 4 years (χ2 = 3.452, P = 0.270). The cumulative positive rate was higher than the positive rate, indicating that there were known positive persons engaged in prostitution activities. TP positive The lowest in 2012, the highest in 2011, but no significant difference between the four years (χ2 = 2.990, P = 0.400). The positive rate of HIV was not significantly different between the two groups (χ2 = 1.861, P = 0.173), while the positive rate of TP was significantly different (χ2 = 56.530, P <0.001). There were significant differences in age distribution between sex workers and prostitutes (F = 472.466, P = 0.001), with statistical significance. Conclusion: HIV-positive sex workers are known to be extremely harmful to society. Proposed to the government as the main body to take “discipline ” and “intervention ” a combination of social prevention model to control the spread of AIDS and other STDs and prevalence.